THE GRAND DUCHY OF LUXEMBOURG ON ONE PAGE!

One of the world's best kept secrets (like the local Diekirch and Bofferding beers)!

Statistics

Population (as of 1 January 2025): 681,973, including 342,812 men and 339,161 women. Average age: 40.7 years for women, 39.3 for men
Foreigners (as of 1 January 2025): 320,726, i.e. 47% of population, of whom most are Portuguese, followed by French and Italian nationals
Surface area: 2,586 km2
Capital city: Luxembourg City (population as of 31 December 2024: 136,208, including 40,686 Luxembourgers (29.87%) and 95,522 foreign nationals (70.13%))
Minimum gross monthly salary (40 hours / week; as of 1 January 2025): €2,637.79 / month for unskilled adult workers; € 3,165.35 / month for skilled adult workers
Unemployment rate (as of 31 October 2025): 5.9%

Government

Constitutional monarchy since 1815
Current monarchs: Grand Duke Guillaume and Grand Duchess Stéphanie (since October 2025)
Prime Minister: Luc Frieden (CSV) (since November 2023)
Coalition government: Christian Social People's Party (CSV) and Democratic Party (DP) (since November 2023)
Single chamber parliament (Chamber of Deputies); 60 MPs elected for five years
Founding member of: Benelux (1944); United Nations (1945); NATO (1949); European Union (1957); OECD (1961)

Economy & Taxes

Luxembourg is a hub within the Greater Region, which has a population of about 11.6 million (2020 estimate), spread over an area of 65,401 km2 (Saarland and Rhineland-Palatinate in Germany, Lorraine in France, Wallonia and the German-speaking region of Belgium, and Luxembourg). Multimodal logistics freight hub for air, rail, fluvial and lorries
Largest investment fund centre in Europe and second in world after US (with more than €6 trillion in net assets under management as of September 2025)
One of three institutional seats of EU (Luxembourg City, Brussels and Strasbourg); about 14,000 people work for the European institutions in Luxembourg
Luxembourg State is the largest employer with more than 34,000 staff on its books in 2025
Ten largest employers (excluding the State) as of 1 January 2025: CFL Group - rail transport (5,110); Dussmann Luxembourg Group - cleaning services (4,880); POST Luxembourg Group - telecommunications (4,450); Amazon.com - head office activities (4,370); Cactus Group - retail (4,310); BGL BNP Paribas - banking (3,890); PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC) Group - tax, auditing, consulting (3,610); ArcelorMittal Group - steel industry (3,520); Goodyear Dunlop Tires Operations SA - manufacturing (3,390); Cargolux Airlines International - air freight transport (3,200)
Economic sectors: finance, space, ICT, media, steel, tyres, consulting
Standard VAT rate: 17% (below OECD average)

Lifestyle

Official administrative languages: Luxembourgish, French and German; national language: Luxembourgish
Schools: European (European Baccalaureate), British (St George's - offers GCSE / A-levels), International (ISL - International Baccalaureate), French, in addition to public national (and international) schools, some of which also offer GCSE / A-level curriculum and the International Baccalaureate
Higher education: University of Luxembourg; LUNEX; Miami University John E Dolibois European Center (MUDEC)
Multinational lifestyle of high standard for majority; low crime rate
Good but expensive housing, restaurants, wines, vibrant nightlife, walking, cycling
Transportation: free public transport within Luxembourg; two hours from Paris (TGV), Brussels, Strasbourg and Cologne. Important Ryanair hubs at Frankfurt Hahn (Germany) and Brussels Charleroi (Belgium)
Luxembourg Old City Fortress, a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1994
World-class Philhamonie concert hall, theatres, cinemas and good healthcare

Luxembourg Army Christmas Event Highlights Commitment & Solidarity